Indian Govt Schemes

 

Phases of Life: Important Events and Government of India Schemes

Human life is a dynamic and multifaceted journey, characterized by distinct developmental stages, each presenting unique opportunities and challenges. The Government of India has proactively established a comprehensive framework of schemes and policies to support its citizens through these various life phases, aiming to foster overall well-being, growth, and social security.

This post is created and helped by AI models to outline the major phases of life, significant events within each, and the relevant Government of India schemes designed to assist individuals and families, including details on their origin.

1. Prenatal Stage (Conception to Birth)

This initial and crucial stage lays the fundamental groundwork for a healthy life, focusing on the well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus.

• Important Events:

  • Conception and early pregnancy

  • Fetal development and growth milestones

  • Regular antenatal check-ups and maternal care

  • Safe delivery and birth

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK): Aims to eliminate out-of-pocket expenses for pregnant women and sick neonates for institutional deliveries. Introduced in June 2011 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY): Provides a conditional cash transfer to pregnant women and lactating mothers for their first living child, helping compensate for wage loss and promoting health-seeking behaviors. Launched in 2017 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Poshan Abhiyaan (National Nutrition Mission): Focuses on improving nutritional outcomes for pregnant women, lactating mothers, and children, tackling issues like stunting, under-nutrition, and anemia. Launched on March 8, 2018, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): Offers a comprehensive package of services including supplementary nutrition, immunization, health check-ups, and pre-school education to pregnant women and nursing mothers. Launched on October 2, 1975, during the tenure of the Indian National Congress Government (Prime Minister Indira Gandhi). Learn more

2. Infancy and Toddlerhood (Birth to 3 years)

A period marked by incredibly rapid physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development, as the child begins to explore and understand their immediate world.

• Important Events:

  • First physical milestones (e.g., holding head, crawling, walking)

  • Language development (first words, simple sentences)

  • Developing basic trust and attachment with caregivers

  • Early socialization and exploration of independence

  • Completion of essential immunization schedules

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): Continues to be vital, providing nutritional support, health services, and early childhood care and education to children in this age group. (See details above for origin). Learn more

  • Mission Vatsalya (formerly Integrated Child Protection Scheme - ICPS): A comprehensive program aimed at securing a healthy and happy childhood for every child, including those in need of care and protection, focusing on institutional and non-institutional support. This scheme evolved from the ICPS, which was originally launched by the Government of India. Learn more

  • Poshan Abhiyaan: Ongoing efforts to combat malnutrition and ensure optimal growth and development in young children. (See details above for origin). Learn more

  • Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK): Focuses on early detection and intervention for health conditions, developmental delays, and disabilities in children from birth to 18 years. Launched in 2013 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). (Official website not readily available, usually part of NHM initiatives).

3. Early Childhood (3 to 8 years)

Children transition from toddlerhood, becoming more independent and developing foundational skills crucial for formal schooling and social interaction.

• Important Events:

  • Entry into pre-school or kindergarten

  • Development of social skills, cooperative play, and friendships

  • Acquisition of basic literacy and numeracy skills

  • Developing a sense of initiative and imagination

  • Increased curiosity and questioning

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA): Aims to provide universal access to elementary education for all children in the 6-14 age group, ensuring quality and equity. Launched in 2001 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee). (Now subsumed under Samagra Shiksha).

  • Mid-Day Meal Scheme (PM-POSHAN Scheme): Provides hot cooked meals to children in government and government-aided schools, enhancing nutritional status, promoting school attendance, and fostering learning. The scheme was initiated as the National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education in 1995 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao) and renamed PM-POSHAN in 2021 by the NDA Government. Learn more

  • Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP): Focuses on preventing gender-biased sex selection and ensuring the protection and education of the girl child. Launched on January 22, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV): Provides residential education facilities for girls from disadvantaged groups, particularly those from SC, ST, OBC, and Minority communities, at the upper primary and secondary levels. Launched in 2004 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). Learn more

4. Middle Childhood (9 to 12 years)

This period is marked by further cognitive development, increasing academic demands, and the growing importance of peer relationships.

• Important Events:

  • Strengthening academic skills across subjects

  • Developing a sense of industry, competence, and achievement

  • Forming more complex and stable peer relationships

  • Increasing independence in personal responsibilities and decision-making

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA): (Now subsumed under Samagra Shiksha) aimed at improving the quality of secondary education (grades IX-X) and increasing enrollment. Launched in March 2009 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh).

  • Samagra Shiksha: An integrated scheme for school education from pre-school to senior secondary levels, encompassing elements of SSA, RMSA, and Teacher Education, focusing on holistic development. Launched in 2018 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • National Scheme of Incentive to Girls for Secondary Education: Aims to promote enrollment of girls in secondary schools and reduce dropout rates. Launched in 2008 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). Learn more

5. Adolescence (13 to 19 years)

A transformative phase characterized by profound physical, emotional, and social changes, crucial for identity formation and preparing for young adulthood.

• Important Events:

  • Puberty and significant physical maturation

  • Intensive identity formation and self-discovery

  • Increased significance of peer groups and social exploration

  • Exploration of career paths and higher education options

  • Developing abstract thinking and advanced problem-solving skills

  • Greater autonomy and responsibility in decision-making

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG): Aims to empower adolescent girls (11-14 years, out-of-school) by improving their nutritional and health status, and providing life skills education. Launched in 2011 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). Learn more

  • Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakram (RYSK): An umbrella scheme that includes components like Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan (NYKS) and National Service Scheme (NSS), promoting leadership qualities, community service, and youth engagement. Launched in 2014 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY): A flagship scheme providing industry-relevant skill training to a large number of Indian youth, aiming to increase their employability. Launched on July 16, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS): Encourages apprenticeship training by providing financial support to employers, fostering skill development and practical experience. Launched in 2016 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • PM-Vidyalaxmi Scheme: Provides financial assistance and simplifies access to education loans for meritorious students pursuing higher education. An initiative by the Government of India. (Launch year not explicitly tied to a specific government change, but generally falls under the NDA Government's focus on digital initiatives post-2014). Learn more

6. Adulthood (20 to 60 years approx.)

This is the longest and often most productive phase, encompassing career building, family life, and active contribution to society.

• Important Events:

  • Pursuit of higher education and career establishment

  • Marriage, partnership, and family formation

  • Parenthood and raising children

  • Achieving financial independence and building assets

  • Active participation in community life and civic responsibilities

  • Potential career changes and mid-life transitions

  • Caring for aging parents

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY): The world's largest health assurance scheme providing a health cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization to vulnerable families. Launched on September 23, 2018, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): Aims to provide affordable housing to all eligible urban and rural poor, with a significant emphasis on women's ownership or co-ownership of houses. Launched on June 25, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more / Learn more (Rural)

  • Atal Pension Yojana (APY): A social security scheme for workers in the unorganized sector, providing a fixed pension after the age of 60, with contributions from the subscriber and the government. It was relaunched on May 9, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi), evolving from the Swavalamban Yojana introduced in 2010-11 by the UPA Government. Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY): An affordable one-year renewable life insurance scheme offering coverage for death due to any reason. Launched on May 9, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY): An affordable accidental death and disability insurance scheme. Launched on May 9, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) / National Urban Livelihoods Mission (NULM): Focuses on alleviating poverty by providing skill development and sustainable livelihood opportunities for rural and urban poor households, especially through self-help groups. NRLM was launched in June 2011 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh) and later renamed DAY-NRLM under the NDA Government. Learn more / Learn more (NULM)

  • Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): Guarantees 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do unskilled manual work. The Act was passed on August 23, 2005, and implemented in February 2006, by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). Learn more

  • Stand-Up India Scheme: Facilitates bank loans between ₹10 lakh and ₹1 crore for setting up greenfield enterprises by at least one woman and one Scheduled Caste/Tribe borrower. Launched on April 5, 2016, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY): Provides collateral-free loans up to ₹10 lakh to non-corporate, non-farm small/micro enterprises. Launched on April 8, 2015, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

7. Late Adulthood / Senior Citizens (60+ years)

This phase is typically characterized by retirement, reflection, and often a focus on health, family, and leisure.

• Important Events:

  • Retirement from active employment

  • Grandparenting and family bonding

  • Addressing age-related health challenges and ensuring well-being

  • Reflection on life's journey and experiences

  • Continued social engagement and leisure pursuits

• Government of India Schemes:

  • Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS): Provides monthly financial assistance to eligible elderly citizens (60 years and above) belonging to Below Poverty Line (BPL) households. This scheme is a component of the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), which was launched on August 15, 1995, during the UPA Government (Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao). Learn more

  • Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana (PMVVY): A social security scheme exclusively for senior citizens, providing an assured pension based on a guaranteed return on the purchase price. Launched on May 4, 2017, by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana: Provides physical aids and assisted-living devices (like hearing aids, wheelchairs, spectacles) to senior citizens from BPL families suffering from age-related disabilities. Launched in 2017 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Narendra Modi). Learn more

  • National Programme for the Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE): Aims to provide accessible, affordable, and high-quality long-term comprehensive health care services to the elderly, including preventive, curative, and rehabilitative care. Launched in 2010-11 by the UPA Government (Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). Learn more

  • Senior Citizens Savings Scheme (SCSS): A popular government-backed savings scheme designed to provide a regular and stable income stream for senior citizens. Introduced in 2004 by the NDA Government (Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee). Learn more

  • Atal Pension Yojana (APY): Continues to provide the guaranteed minimum pension to subscribers who enrolled during their working years. (See details above for origin). Learn more

The Government of India's continuous efforts through these schemes aim to create an inclusive and supportive environment for individuals at every stage of their life, addressing diverse needs and promoting a better quality of life for all its citizens.

Government of India Schemes: Quick Reference Table

Year	Yojana Name	Founder/Party Name
1975	Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)	Indian National Congress Government (Indira Gandhi)
1975	Mission Vatsalya (evolved from ICPS)	Government of India (Initial ICPS by Indian National Congress Government)
1995	Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) (component of NSAP)	UPA Government (P.V. Narasimha Rao)
1995	Mid-Day Meal Scheme (PM-POSHAN Scheme)	UPA Government (P.V. Narasimha Rao), renamed by NDA Government
2001	Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)	NDA Government (Atal Bihari Vajpayee)
2004	Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2004	Senior Citizens Savings Scheme (SCSS)	NDA Government (Atal Bihari Vajpayee)
2005	Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2008	National Scheme of Incentive to Girls for Secondary Education	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2009	Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2010	National Programme for the Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2010	Atal Pension Yojana (APY) (evolved from Swavalamban Yojana)	UPA Government (initial Swavalamban Yojana), relaunched by NDA Government
2011	Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2011	Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2011	Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) / National Urban Livelihoods Mission (NULM)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh), later renamed by NDA Government
2013	Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)	UPA Government (Manmohan Singh)
2014	Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakram (RYSK)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	PM-Vidyalaxmi Scheme	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2015	Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2016	National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2016	Stand-Up India Scheme	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2017	Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2017	Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana (PMVVY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2017	Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2018	Poshan Abhiyaan (National Nutrition Mission)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2018	Samagra Shiksha	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)
2018	Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)	NDA Government (Narendra Modi)